Reproductive System
The process by which new individuals are produced from their parents is called reproduction and the organs which are used for this process ,collectively constitute the reproductive system .Reproduction is of two types i.e.,asexual and sexual.In asexual reproduction ,only one parent is involved and sex cells are not involved ,e.g.,frog,hydra etc.In sexual reproduction,two parents are involved and formation and fusion of gametes takes place.
Male Reproduction system
Males can produce spermatozoa(sperm)throughout their life from age of 13-14 years.The various organs which constitute the male reproductive system and their functions are tabulated below.
| Reproductive Organ | Number | Function |
|---|---|---|
| Testes | 2 | Produce sperm and testosterone |
| Sperm duct | 2 | Conduct the sperm from the testes to urethra |
| Seminal vesicles | 2 | Secret seminal plasma |
| Prostate gland | 2 | Secret an alkaline fluid to neutralize the acidity of urethra and make the spermative |
| Penis(urethra)(have rich blood supply) | 1 | Pass urin and deposite sperm in female genital track |
Female Reproductive System
Female reproductive system includes following organs which are tabulated below.
| Reproductive Organ | Number | Function |
|---|---|---|
| Ovaries | 2 | To produce ova and hormones |
| Oviducts | 2 | To move the ovum towards uterus |
| Uterus | 1 | To provide space for developing child |
| Vagina | 1 | To receive the sperm |
If sperm is present ,the egg will be fertilized in the fallopian tube.After maturity the ovary release on ovum after every 28 days.The connection between developing embryo and mother is by placenta.It supplies blood ,etc.Reproductive period of a human female extends from puberty(10-14 years)to menopause(40-50 years)Menopause is stopping of ovulation and menses .It normally occurs between the ages of 45 and 55 .In this stage,woman lose the ability to reproduce.
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